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EC number: 217-126-9 | CAS number: 1746-23-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 16 March 2017 - 1 March 2019
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- CAS No.: 1746-23-2
Synonyms: para-tertiary-butyl styrene; TBS
Storage: Stored in refrigerator in original container. - Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): obtained from the Wareham Wastewater Treatment
Facility, Wareham, Massachusetts. Approximately 2 L was collected.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: Activated sludge was passed through a 2-mm stainless steel sieve and then centrifuged at 1000 rpm for ten minutes. The supernatant was kept and solids discarded. The resultant secondary effluent was filtered through coarse filter paper. The secondary effluent filtrate was retained and aerated overnight in an environmental chamger set to maintain a temperature of 20 ± 1 ºC. The inoculum was used one day after preparation.
No additional data - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 2 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- DOC removal
- Details on study design:
- TEST DESIGN
- Fifty-four biological oxygen demand (BOD) bottles were prepared for the control, reference substance and test substance.
- Eighteen bottles per treatement.
- Two each for Day 0 and three per sampling intervial.
PREPERATION
- Test solutions were prepared by first adding approximately 6 L of the oxygen-rich water to each of the three Erlenmeyer flasks. One for p-tert-butylstyrene, sodium benzoate and inoculum control.
- Each flask consisted for 6.0 mL of the four nutirent solutions and 0.90 mL of the inoculum.
- Test substance bottle received a final concentration of 2 mg/L; the sodium benzoate bottle received a final concetration of 5mg/L; and the inoculum control remained unfortified.
TEST SYSTEM
- Each solution was siphoned from the flasks into the respective series of 18 BOD bottles. (Total 54 bottles for the three solutions types)
- Once filled, the botles were closed and labeled.
- With exemption of the BOD bottles used for Day 0 analysis, all bottles were placed in the dark in an environmental chamber.
- Four additional BOD bottles were prepared from each set of solutions to provide additional samples for analysis if necessary.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Day 7, 14, 21 and 28
- Sampling method: Analyzed for oxygen concentration utilizing a Yellow Springs Instrubment (YSI) Pro 20 dissolved oxygen meter.
- Sample storage before analysis: The temperature of the environmental chamber was continuously monitored throughout the exposure period ranging from 19-22°C. - Reference substance:
- other: sodium benzoate
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- ca. -2.4
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- Mean dissolved oxygen concentrations in the p-tert-butylstyrene test solutions ranged from 8.9 mg O2/L on Day 0 to 8.4 mg O2/L on Day 28. Biodegradation of -2.4% of ThOD was observed for p-tert-butylstyrene on Day 28.
- Results with reference substance:
- Dissolved oxygen concentrations for the sodium benzoate solutions decreased from 8.9 mg O2/L on Day 0 to 1.6 mg O2/L on Day 28.
Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate test solutions was 75.6% of ThOD by Day 7, thus meeting the validity criterion of reaching 60% or
greater biodegradation within 28 days. Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate test solutions was 79.2% of ThOD on Day 28, which indicated that the inoculum contained a viable microbial population and that the test procedures used during the study were adequate. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- p-tert-butylstyrene cannot be classified as readily biodegradable under the conditions of this test since it did not achieve ≥60% biodegradation within 28 days.
- Executive summary:
As study was conducted to determine the ready biodegradability of the substance according to OECD Guideline 301D, in compliance with GLP. Activated sludge from predominantly domestic origin was exposed to the test substance at an initial concentration of 2 mg/mL. Sodium benzoate was used as the reference substance and the % biodegradation was estimated through measurement of the change in dissolved oxygen concentration. Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate solutions was 75.6% of ThOD by Day 7, thus meeting the validity criterion of reaching 60% or greater biodegradation within 28 days. Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate test solutions was 79.2% of ThOD on Day 28, which indicated that the inoculum contained a viable microbial population and that the test procedures used during the study were adequate. The substance attained -2.4% degradation after 28 d and is not considered to be readily biodegradable under the conditions of OECD Guideline 301D (Smithers Viscient, 2019).
Reference
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
As study was conducted to determine the ready biodegradability of the substance according to OECD Guideline 301D, in compliance with GLP. Activated sludge from predominantly domestic origin was exposed to the test substance at an initial concentration of 2 mg/mL. Sodium benzoate was used as the reference substance and the % biodegradation was estimated through measurement of the change in dissolved oxygen concentration. Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate solutions was 75.6% of ThOD by Day 7, thus meeting the validity criterion of reaching 60% or greater biodegradation within 28 d. Biodegradation in the sodium benzoate test solutions was 79.2% of ThOD on Day 28, which indicated that the inoculum contained a viable microbial population and that the test procedures used during the study were adequate. The substance attained -2.4% degradation after 28 d and is not considered to be readily biodegradable under the conditions of OECD Guideline 301D (Smithers Viscient, 2019).
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